This had become necessary near the end of the 1st century bce, as the common language was aramaic. The following notes may be helpful in the use of this english translation of the psalms targum. Targum onqelos is the official eastern translation of the torah in aramaic. In some cases where the meaning of a passage is unclear, we may be able to better understand what the passage intends to say if we can understand the logic of the targum in question. Thanks to the vision of the publisher michael glazier, in 1982 a plan was drawn up for an english translation of all the rabbinic targums, accompanied by full introductions, apparatuses and notes. International standard bible encyclopedia 1915 targum. The translation used is based on the cambridge university ms ee. The targum of jonathan ben uzziel on the pentateuch with the fragments of the jerusalem targum from the chaldee by j.
The targum is useful today to help the modern interpreter understand how certain groups or even a large portion of the population understood a certain passage. The two complete versions of the palestinian targum that survive are targum neofiti, a complete codex that was only discovered in 1956 in the vatican library. He studies the language situation aramaic and greek in new testament palestine and the interpretation of the scriptures in the targums, with concepts and language similar to the new testament. The present translation is the first for which a group of men representative of jewish learning among english speaking jews assume joint responsibility, all previous efforts in the english language having been the work of individual translators.
Translations from the palestinian targums are mine, on the basis of the texts. The targums of onkelos and jonathan ben uzziel on the pentateuch. Genesis martin mcnamara beginning with an introduction of the palestinian targums, or targum yerushalmi, the author relates the history of the term, research in the field, and other background information on the palestinian pentateuch targums before providing a versebyverse translation of neofiti 1. In addition to the latin translations in the polyglot bibles there is one by fagius strasburg, 1546. Pdf this contribution comprehensively analyses how targum jonathan malachi tgj ma renders the hebrew. Targum obadiah a new translation by thomas lenihan, 2015. This manuscript is followed as closely as possible, including the marginal readings and the variant targum s incorporated in the text. Psy wove his on material into a single extant palestinian targum. The targum modules already found on this site are in aramaic and it takes a real. The translation is from 1860s so these texts should be public domain now. English translation of targum onkelos posted in module requests. Targum meaning translation references the various language transliterations of the original hebrew torah, which were commissioned created by temple elders.
Manual of the aramaic language of the palestinian talmud. Copy freely more freeware from bennie blount ministries international table of contents. Stenning from the encyclopedia britannica, 11th ed. The prophecy of isaiah, the son of amoz, which is prophesied concerning the men of judah and the inhabitants of jerusalem, in the days of uzziah, jotham, ahaz. Its correct title was originally targum yerushalmi jerusalem targum, which is how it was known in medieval times. That had become necessary near the end of the 1st century bce, as the common language was in transition and hebrew was used for little more than schooling and worship. Jastrow and dalman, in the tradition of buxtorf, attempted to treat all the vocabulary found in rabbinic literature, both hebrew and aramaic. Targums are aramaic translations of the hebrew bible. Genesis begins with an introduction of the palestinian targums, or targum yerushalmi, the author relates the history of the term, research in the field, and other background information on the palestinian pentateuch targums before providing a versebyverse translation of neofiti 1. Anyone interested in turning them into an esword module. Here are english translations of targum onkelos, targum jonathan plus a few other rabbinic texts. The scale of the project and the scope of the notes are such that you could call the aramaic bible a commentary set in the same sense that the anchor yale bible is a commentary set.
The value and significance of the targums translations of the hebrew bible into aramaic, the language of palestinian jews for centuries following the babylonian exilelie in their approach to translation. Request permission export citation add to favorites track citation. The aramaic and palestinian versions printed here are acknowledged to be the oldest and most widely used renderings of the ancient language translations of the original hebrew torah. This work provides the first translation into english of the targum of psalms, together with an introduction, a critical apparatus listing variants from several manuscripts and their printed editions, and annotations. Targum jonathan otherwise referred to as targum yonasanyonatan is the official eastern babylonian targum to the neviim. If the inline pdf is not rendering correctly, you can download the pdf file here. If you are conducting research on machine translation, optical. The aramaic and palestinian targums by zen garcia ebook. Translation, or interpretation, any of several translations of the hebrew bible or portions of it into the aramaic language. The targum of the prophets, by jonathan ben uzziel and the socalled jerusalem targums of the pen tateuch of which there are four varieties, two complete and two fragmentary resemble onkelos in the grammar, but in their vocabulary they resemble the palestinian talmud. Palestinian targum and synagogue mosaics in michael klein on the targums. The aramaic bible is an impressive series that provides english translations of all the targums, along with extensive introductions and notes. Targum pseudojonathan is a western targum translation of the torah pentateuch from the land of israel as opposed to the eastern babylonian targum.
Targum neofiti and the fragments of more than forty other versions none exactly the same indicate its widespread use. The first translation into english of all the extant targums, together with introductions and annotations. The targum of job is regarded as one of the most enigmatic of targums. There are also texts of palestinian targums of the pentateuch. Aramaic versions article by eberhard nestle from the new schaffherzog encyclopedia of religious knowledge 1912. Clarke memorial volume, to which the interested reader is referred. An introduction to some of the issues involved in the study and translation of this targum may be found in the forthcoming ernest g. Etheridge, ma 1862, 1865 the original title of the book is as stated above but whether it refers to jonathan or pseudojonathan is subject to debate for example, please see b. English translation of targum onkelos module requests. The aramaic and palestinian targum sacred word publishing. Aramaic translations of scripture offered the advantage of clarity when the original. Targum pseudojonathan is a western targum translation of the torah pentateuch from the land of israel as opposed to the eastern babylonian targum onkelos. Giving you holy bibles the way they were originally printed. The word originally indicated a translation of the old testament in any language but later came to refer specifically to an aramaic translation.
Pentateuch targum pseudojonathan and onkelos, an 1892 translation by j. Targums of onkelos and jonathan uzziel genesis and exodus 1862 in pdf targum onkelos or unkelus, is the official eastern babylonian targum aramaic translation to the torah. Palestinian targum and targumic poems from the cairo genizah was published. The targums or aramaic versions of the old testament. Targum hebrew from the verbal root ragam to arrange, explain, interpret interpretation. This work, in nineteen planned volumes has been completed in twenty. The value and significance of the targumstranslations of the hebrew bible into aramaic, the language of palestinian jews for. The aramaic and palestinian versions printed here are acknowledged to be the oldest and most widely used renderings of the ancient language translations of the orig. Etheridges, the targum of jonathan ben uzziel on the pentateuch, provides readers with an english translation of an aramaic paraphrase of the hebrew scriptures, collated with translation of fragments of the jerusalem targum. The aramaic version of the bible download ebook pdf.
Pseudojonathan provides us with a translation of almost every verse of the pentateuch. Eldon clem, targum onkelos and jonathan english, version 2. However, its early origins may have been western, in israel. Martin mcnamara traces the history of the debate down to our own day and the annotated translation of all the targums into english. But because of a printers mistake it was later labeled targum jonathan, in reference to jonathan ben uzziel. Targum jonathan to the prophets, the palestinian targums known to him i.
The primary aim of the proverbs targum is to provide an. Decoding healthcare 3pm podcast 2 band guys beyond polarity button mashers 1 song cast out. South florida studies in the history of judaism 55. Uncorrected page proofs from a companion to biblical interpretation in early judaism eerdmans, 2012. Fragment targums and the geniza fragments of the palestinian targums to. The targumim were originally spoken translations of the jewish scriptures also called the. The western targumim on the torah, or palestinian targumim as they are also called, consist of three manuscript groups. Third, some centuries later, targum pseudojonathan brought together onqeloss translation, the palestinian targums additions, and an even larger amount of. Incorrectly attributed to jonathan ben uzziel, this targum, part of the palestinian targums, has been call pseudojonathan to rectify this mistaken identification. Diezmacho, the recently discovered palestinian targum, suppl. The targum of onkelos to genesis download ebook pdf.
1241 770 1394 1422 571 875 1055 176 1495 1097 842 272 162 900 1500 1043 986 1474 1121 1277 952 202 701 1259 261 395 679 728 1312 550 700 271 190 409 1574 1176 956 292 1524 45 256 750 85 614 1117 210 287 817 1329 1271